Social Security Calculator

Calculate your Social Security retirement benefits based on your earnings history, retirement age, and benefit type. Includes full retirement age calculations and early/late retirement adjustments.

Personal Information

Earnings Information

Benefit Summary

Full Retirement Age: 0
Monthly Benefit: $0
Annual Benefit: $0
Retirement Age: 0

Benefit Comparison

At Full Retirement: $0
Early Retirement (62): $0
Delayed Retirement (70): $0

Benefit Details

Primary Insurance Amount: $0
Reduction Factor: 0%
Benefit Type: Retirement

Understanding Social Security Benefits

Social Security provides retirement, disability, and survivor benefits to millions of Americans. Your benefit amount depends on your earnings history, retirement age, and benefit type. Understanding how the system works can help you maximize your benefits.

Full Retirement Age (FRA)

Year of Birth Full Retirement Age Months
1943-1954 66 0
1955 66 2
1956 66 4
1957 66 6
1958 66 8
1959 66 10
1960+ 67 0

Early Retirement Reductions

If you retire before your full retirement age, your benefits are permanently reduced. The reduction is 5/9% per month for the first 36 months and 5/12% per month thereafter.

Early Retirement Reduction Example

For someone with FRA of 67 retiring at 62:

60 months early × 5/9% = 33.3% reduction

Monthly benefit would be 66.7% of FRA amount

Delayed Retirement Credits

Delaying retirement past your full retirement age increases your monthly benefit. You earn 8% per year (2/3% per month) until age 70, when increases stop.

Delayed Retirement Example

Delaying from FRA 67 to age 70:

36 months × 2/3% = 24% increase

Monthly benefit would be 124% of FRA amount

Benefit Calculation Formula

Primary Insurance Amount (PIA)

Your monthly benefit at full retirement age

  • 90% of first $1,174 of AIME
  • 32% of AIME from $1,175-$7,078
  • 15% of AIME over $7,078
  • Adjusted annually for inflation

Average Indexed Monthly Earnings (AIME)

Your average monthly earnings, indexed for inflation

  • Based on 35 highest-earning years
  • Earnings indexed to age 60
  • Zero years count as zero
  • Capped at Social Security wage base

Spousal and Survivor Benefits

Spouse Benefits

  • 50% of spouse's PIA
  • Available at FRA
  • Can switch to own benefit
  • Reduced if spouse claims early

Survivor Benefits

  • 100% of deceased's benefit
  • Available at any age if caring for child
  • Reduced if survivor is FRA or older
  • Can be higher than own benefit

Benefit Adjustments

Situation Adjustment Notes
Government Pension Windfall Elimination Provision Reduces Social Security benefit
Workers' Comp Offset by workers' comp payments Reduces disability benefits
Taxes Up to 85% taxable Depends on other income
Cost of Living COLA adjustments Annual increases

Planning Strategies

Maximize Earnings

Work longer to increase AIME

35 highest years count

Delay claiming if possible

Spousal Coordination

Higher earner delays claiming

Lower earner claims early

Optimize survivor benefits

Tax Planning

Consider tax implications

Plan withdrawals strategically

Use tax-advantaged accounts

Key Takeaways

  • Social Security benefits are based on your 35 highest-earning years
  • Full retirement age ranges from 66 to 67 depending on birth year
  • Early retirement reduces benefits permanently (up to 30% at age 62)
  • Delayed retirement increases benefits (up to 8% per year until age 70)
  • Spouse and survivor benefits can provide additional income
  • Benefits are adjusted annually for cost of living
  • Up to 85% of benefits may be taxable depending on income
  • Planning your claiming strategy is crucial for maximizing benefits

Related Calculators